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Greenlandic Norse is an extinct North Germanic language that was spoken in the Norse settlements of Greenland until their demise in the late 15th century. The language is attested through some 80 runic inscriptions, many of which are difficult to date and not all of which were necessarily carved by people born in Greenland.〔Bandle, p. 1234.〕 It is difficult to identify specifically Greenlandic linguistic features in the limited runic material. Nevertheless, there are inscriptions showing the use of ''t'' for historical ''þ'' in words such as ''torir'' rather than ''þorir'' and ''tana'' rather than ''þana''. This linguistic innovation has parallels in West Norwegian in the late medieval period.〔 On the other hand, Greenlandic appears to have retained some features which changed in other types of Scandinavian. This includes initial ''hl'' and ''hr'', otherwise only preserved in Icelandic, and the long vowel ''œ'', which merged with ''æ'' in Icelandic but was preserved in Norwegian.〔Barnes, p. 185.〕 Greenlandic Norse is believed to have been in language contact with Kalaallisut, the language of the local Inuit people, and to have left loanwords in that language. In particular, the Kalaallisut word ''Kalaaleq'' (older ''Karaaleq''), meaning ''Greenlander'', is believed to be derived from the word ''Skrælingr'', the Norse term for the people they encountered in North America.〔Jahr, p. 233.〕 It has also been suggested that the word ''kona'', meaning ''woman'', is of Norse origin.〔Jahr, p. 231.〕 The available evidence does not establish the presence of language attrition, the language most likely disappeared with the ethnic group that spoke it.〔 ==Sample text== The Kingittorsuaq Runestone dates from ca. 1300, discovered near Upernavik, far north of the Norse settlements. It was presumably carved by Norse explorers. The patronymic ''Tortarson'' (standardized Old Norse: ''Þórðarson'') shows the change from ''þ'' to ''t'' while the word ''hloþu'' (Old Icelandic ''hlóðu'', Old Norwegian ''lóðu'') shows the retention of initial ''hl''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Greenlandic Norse」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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